Landscape Uses:
	Primarily recommended for natural landscapes and habitat restorations. Also an accent groundcover in shady, wet areas.
Ecological Restoration Notes:
Availability:
	Grown by a few native plant nurseries in central and northern Florida.
Description:
	Medium to large herbaceous fern.
Height:
	Typically 2-4 feet in height. Spreading from underground stems (rhizomes) and forming patches.
Growth Rate:
	Moderate.
Range:
	Eastern and central United States west to Texas and south to Miami-Dade and Collier counties.
Habitats:
	Swamps, marshes and wet hammocks.
Soils:
	Seasonally wet to moist, moderately well-drained to poorly-drained organic soils.
Nutritional Requirements:
	Moderate; can grow in nutrient poor soils, but needs some organic content to thrive.
Salt Water Tolerance:
	Low; does not tolerate flooding by salt or brackish water.
Salt Wind Tolerance:
	Low; salt wind may burn the leaves.
Drought Tolerance:
	Low; requires moist to wet soils and is intolerant of long periods of drought.
Light Requirements:
	Light shade.
Flower Color:
	N/A.
Flower Characteristics:
	There are no flowers; the plants reproduce by spores.
Flowering Season:
	Summer-fall.
Fruit:
	Inconspicuous spores.
Wildlife and Ecology:
Horticultural Notes:
	Can be grown from division, and from spores with difficulty.
Comments: